Source: Baldwin et al. (2014) https://www.rieti.go.jp/en/events/14121101/pdf/baldwin.pdf
Tanin (Thailand)
Established: 1946 (electronics from 1960s)
Products: radio, television, …
Out of business in latter half of 1990s
Source: Putthiwanit (2014) https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/NCRJ/article/download/27704/23805/61129
Sumsung (South Korea)
Established in 1938 (electronics from 1960s)
Products: television, smart phones, …
Became a major in 21st century
Source: Britanica https://www.samsung.com/us/about-us/leadership-and-mission/heritage/
Pensonic (Malaysia)
Established in 1965 (electronics from 1980s)
Products: lightning, refrigerator…
Major local and (regional) brand
Source: Company’s history https://www.pensonic.com/
Source: Baldwin (20011). Images/icons are from wikimedia commons. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w17716/w17716.pdf
Source: Kimura and Obashi (2011) https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/156175/adbi-wp320.pdf
Providing large scale empoloyment -> push up the bottom
Industrialization? but that is not a mission of private companies